Daim ntawv thov ntawm Marine Composite Materials (carbon Fiber / fiberglass / aramid)
Tam sim no, cov ntaub ntawv carbon fiber ntau tau siv dav hauv aerospace, kev ua si thiab kev lom zem, kev lag luam tsheb, ib puag ncig lub zog, engineering engineering thiab lwm yam kev lag luam, thiab nws daim ntawv thov ntau yam yuav luag txhua qhov chaw. Ntawm lawv, hauv cov nkoj me, yachts, nkoj loj thiab lwm yam nkoj, kev siv carbon fiber ntau tau nce. Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv dej hiav txwv, vim nws tuaj yeem txo qis kev co ntawm lub nkoj, tswj kom muaj kev sib txuas lus zoo ntawm cov nkoj, thiab lwm yam.
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog vim li cas siv cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau yog cov khoom siv tuaj yeem txhim kho kev ceev thiab roj kev lag luam ntawm cov nkoj los ntawm kev txo qhov hnyav. Piv txwv li, los ntawm kev hloov iav fiber ntau composites (GFRP) nrog carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP), qhov hnyav ntawm lub hull yuav raug txo.
Kev siv cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau thiab nws cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke hauv yachts, los ntawm kev siv CFRP hauv cov khoom siv sab nrauv thiab lub lawj, tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav ntxiv thiab txhim kho kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub nkoj; carbon fiber tsav shafts tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav thiab txo kev co; carbon fiber nyob rau hauv propeller blades Tseem muaj peev xwm siv dav.
Thaum ntxov li 1940s, US Navy tau siv cov khoom sib xyaw los tsim cov nkoj me me, uas tau qhib ib tshooj tshiab hauv kev tsim nkoj. Hauv nruab nrab -1950s, nws tau teev tseg tias cov nkoj hauv qab 16m yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw. Nrog rau kev txhim kho cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb, kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev tsim kho thiab daim ntawv thov, xyoo 1994, Tebchaws Asmeskas tau siv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw los tsim kom muaj 68.3-meter-ntev "Avenger"-chav minesweeper. Lub nkoj tshawb nrhiav tob tob ua rau xyoo 1996 yog ua los ntawm graphite fiber ntau cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw rau nws lub plhaub, thiab qhov tob tob ntawm lub nkoj tuaj yeem ncav cuag 6096m. Lub "Stiletto" code-named M80 tsim nyob rau hauv 2006 yog qhov tseeb high-ceev stealth xeem speedboat thiab lub loj tshaj plaws hull tsim los ntawm carbon fiber nyob rau hauv ib lub sij hawm. Nrog rau qhov ntev ntawm 24.4m thiab qhov dav ntawm 12.2m, cov cua ntsawj ntshab tsuas yog 0.9m thiab qhov kev hloov pauv yog 67t, uas ua rau lub nkoj nrawm tau yooj yim kom tau txais kev nrawm dua. Los Angeles-chav kawm nuclear submarine ntawm Tebchaws Meskas kuj tseem siv cov khoom siv sib xyaw tshiab los ua lub sonar dome, uas yog 7.6m ntev, 8.1m hauv qhov siab tshaj plaws, thiab muaj kev ua tau zoo heev. US Navy tseem tab tom txhim kho cov nkoj tub rog mus rau hauv ib txwm hovercraft. Cov pa hovercraft siv txhuas lub plhaub zoo ib yam li cov dav hlau ua cov khoom siv hauv paus, thaum American All Terrain Amphibious Hovercraft Company (ATLAS Hovercraft) tau tsim ib qho kev sib sau ua ke hu ua AH-100-P, uas yog tsim los kom haum rau 150 tus neeg coob.
Raws li lub teb chaws loj hauv kev tsim cov nkoj sib xyaw hauv Asia, Nyiv pib tsim cov nkoj FRP thaum ntxov li xyoo 1953. Nyob rau xyoo 1970, Japanese nkoj nuv ntses tau pib siv FRP dav. Txij thaum ntawd los, Nyiv tau tsim ntau txhiab txhiab lub nkoj nuv ntses FRP txhua xyoo. ntau thiab zoo meej. Niaj hnub no, Nyiv lub FRP ntau lawm nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb no, thiab FRP noj ntawm marine motorized nkoj nuv ntses ib leeg account rau 76.3 feem pua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, hauv kev txhim kho thiab tsim cov khoom siv zoo sib xws xws li carbon fiber, Nyiv kuj tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntiaj teb. Nws cov nkoj ua tau zoo, cov nkoj sib tw thiab cov yachts khoom kim heev tam sim no dav siv cov khoom siv carbon fiber ntau.
Cov pa roj carbon fiber ntau muaj ob hom siab zog thiab siab modulus. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm siab tawv, siab yield zog thiab siab dabtsi yog khoov zog. Nws feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov nkoj ua haujlwm siab thiab siab ceev. Japanese carbon fiber yog muag thoob plaws lub ntiaj teb no thiab feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim cov high-ceev speedboats, high-kev ua tau zoo sib tw nkoj, khoom kim heev yachts thiab lwm yam nkoj.
Aramid fiber ntau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog tshwj xeeb, siab toughness, cuam tshuam tsis kam thiab mos mos, thiab yog siv rau cov khoom siv hauv nkoj nrog kev xav tau siab rau tensile, active load thiab mos mos. Vim tias qhov qis compressive dabtsi yog khoov lub zog, nws tsis haum rau kev tsim cov khoom siv high-compression thiab high-bending hulls, thiab tsuas yog tsim nyog rau cov nkoj uas muaj qhov hnyav hnyav.
Thaum txiav txim siab tus nqi hauv kev tsim cov nkoj, nyob rau hauv qhov chaw ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua, tsim qauv siv cov khoom siv fiber ntau sib xyaw tau tshwm sim. Kev sib xyaw siv ntau yam ntawm cov khoom siv fiber ntau tau kov yeej qee qhov kev tsis txaus ntawm ib qho khoom siv fiber ntau, txhim kho lub cev thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab ntxiv dag zog rau kev tsim cov khoom siv. Ob-seem thiab peb-dimensional fabrics tsim los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb zog tuaj yeem tsim tau raws li kev tsim qauv tsim kom tau raws li lub zog, intra-txheej thiab inter-txheej txheej kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov nkoj, thiab txuas ntxiv ua tiav cov kev xav tau ntawm lub teeb yuag thiab siab zog rau cov nkoj.
Vim lub teeb yuag ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, US Navy npaj yuav siv iav-reinforced phenolic composite cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv lub hwj chim compartment, xws li lub tog raj kheej, lub tog raj kheej taub hau, roj lauj kaub, cam npog, kev txhawb nqa rollers, ceev tswj sprockets, thiab cov twj tso kua mis, roj. twj tso kua mis, thiab pulleys ntawm marine diesel xyaw. Tos.
Qee lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov nkoj saum npoo kuj tuaj yeem ua los ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, thiab hauv cov qauv kom txo qhov hnyav ntawm lub hull, qhov hnyav txo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txuas ntawm lub tshuab propulsion kuj tseem nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv high-ceev tej nkoj nquam uas 2 los yog 4 high-speed diesel xyaw tsav lub waterjet los ntawm ib tug txo gearbox, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub diesel cav thiab lub gearbox los yog nruab nrab ntawm lub gearbox thiab waterjet yog luv. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub nqaim qhov chaw ntawm lub catamaran, 4 diesel cav yuav tsum tau teem nyob rau hauv ib tug staggered yam, thiab lub hwj chim generated los ntawm lub pem hauv ntej diesel cav yuav tsum tau kis los ntawm lub rear diesel cav. Yog li ntawd, qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev sib kis nrog qhov hnyav tshaj plaws thiab cov khoom tsawg tshaj plaws. Kev siv cov ncej tsav ua los ntawm cov khoom siv carbon fiber ntau tuaj yeem ua tiav lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txo qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom sib kis.
Lub ntsiab zoo ntawm CFRP tsav ncej muaj xws li: txo qhov hnyav ntawm tus tsav ncej; siab ceev ceev, feem ntau tsis tas yuav npaj cov bearings rau ntev shafting, txo tus naj npawb ntawm bearings, txo cov nqi, txo shafting, txo qhov seem, Txuag tus nqi ntawm cov kabmob txhawb nqa thiab txo qhov hnyav; corrosion kuj, tsis tshua muaj teeb liab sib nqus, hluav taws xob teeb liab, tiv thaiv hnav, tuaj yeem txo cov suab nrov hauv cov qauv thiab huab cua los ntawm 520dB. (Source: Ib qho yooj yim Composites / Composites Xintiandi)
