Aramid 1313 thiab Aramid 1414
Aramid yog ib hom tshiab ntawm high-tech hluavtaws fiber ntau nrog cov khoom zoo xws li ultra-siab zog, siab modulus, kub tsis kam, acid thiab alkali tsis kam, thiab lub teeb yuag. 2 mus rau 3 npaug ntawm cov hlau hlau, qhov toughness yog 2 npaug ntawm cov hlau hlau, thiab qhov hnyav tsuas yog li 1/5 ntawm cov hlau hlau. Ntawm qhov kub ntawm 560 degrees, nws tsis decompose los yog yaj. Nws muaj kev rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab kev tiv thaiv kev laus, thiab muaj lub neej ntev. Kev tshawb pom ntawm aramid fiber ntau yog suav tias yog cov txheej txheem keeb kwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam khoom siv.
Fireproof fiber-aramid 1313
Aramid 1313 yog thawj zaug ua tiav los ntawm DuPont ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, thiab nws tau ua haujlwm hauv xyoo 1967. Cov khoom tau sau npe ua Nomex® (Nomex). Qhov no yog ib tug mos, dawb, slender, fluffy, thiab lustrous fiber. Nws cov tsos tsis txawv ntawm cov tshuaj fibers zoo tib yam, tab sis nws muaj qhov txawv txav "tshwj xeeb" hauv ib lub cev:
ntev thermal stability
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm aramid 1313 yog nws qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau ntev ntawm qhov kub ntawm 220 degree yam tsis muaj kev laus. Nws cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab tuaj yeem khaws cia rau 10 xyoo, thiab nws qhov kev ruaj ntseg zoo heev. Lub thermal shrinkage tus nqi tsuas yog 1 feem pua ntawm ib puag ncig degree, thiab nws yuav tsis ntsws, embrittle, soften los yog yaj thaum raug kub ntawm 300 degree rau ib lub sij hawm luv luv. Nws tsuas yog pib decompose ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 370 degree, thiab pib carbonize ntawm txog 400 degree. , xws li thermal stability yog qhov tshwj xeeb hauv cov organic tshav kub-resistant fibers tam sim no.
Cov nplaim hluav taws kub retardancy
Peb paub tias qhov feem pua ntawm cov pa oxygen xav tau rau cov khoom siv los hlawv hauv huab cua yog hu ua qhov limiting oxygen index, thiab ntau dua qhov limiting oxygen index, qhov zoo dua nws cov nplaim hluav taws. Feem ntau cov pa oxygen hauv huab cua yog 21 feem pua thiab qhov txwv cov pa ntsuas ntawm aramid fiber ntau 1313 yog ntau dua 28 feem pua. Nws yog cov nplaim hluav taws kub hnyiab, yog li nws yuav tsis hlawv hauv huab cua, tsis txhawb kev sib txuas, thiab nws muaj nws tus kheej tua hluav taws. Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb no tau muab los ntawm nws tus kheej cov qauv molecular ua rau aramid 1313 mus tas li nplaim taws retardant, yog li nws muaj lub koob npe nrov ntawm "fireproof fiber".
zoo heev hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev
Lub dielectric qhov tsis tu ncua ntawm aramid fiber ntau 1313 yog qhov tsawg heev, thiab nws lub zog dielectric lub zog ua kom nws muaj kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias, tsis tshua muaj kub, thiab cov av noo siab. Qhov hluav taws xob tawg ntawm cov ntawv insulating npaj nrog nws tuaj yeem ncav cuag 100, 000 volts / ㎜, yog cov khoom siv insulating zoo tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb.
Zoo heev tshuaj stability
Aramid 1313 yog linear macromolecule tsim los ntawm amide bonds txuas aryl pawg. Nyob rau hauv nws cov siv lead ua, hydrogen bonds yog teem nyob rau hauv ob lub dav hlau los tsim ib tug peb-dimensional qauv. Qhov no muaj zog hydrogen daim ntawv cog lus ua rau nws cov qauv tshuaj muaj zog heev thiab muaj peev xwm Resistant rau feem ntau high-concentration inorganic acids thiab lwm yam chemicals, hydrolysis thiab chav corrosion.
zoo heev mechanical zog
Aramid 1313 yog cov khoom siv polymer hloov tau. Nws tsis tshua muaj zog thiab siab elongation ua rau nws muaj tib lub spinnability zoo tib yam fibers. Nws tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv ntau yam ntaub lossis cov ntaub tsis-woven los ntawm cov tshuab spinning, thiab nws yog hnav-resistant thiab tsim kua muag-resistant. dav heev.
Super hluav taws xob tsis kam
Aramid 1313 muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo rau , , χ rays thiab ultraviolet hluav taws xob. Nrog 50Kv x-ray hluav taws xob rau 100 teev, lub zog fiber ntau tseem tshuav 73 feem pua ntawm qhov qub, thiab lub sijhawm no cov polyester lossis nylon tau dhau los ua hmoov. Cov qauv tshuaj tshwj xeeb thiab ruaj khov endows aramid fiber ntau 1313 nrog kev ua tau zoo heev. Los ntawm kev siv dav dav ntawm cov yam ntxwv no, cov haujlwm tshiab thiab cov khoom tshiab tau raug tsim tawm tas li, thiab daim ntawv thov kev lag luam tau dhau los ua qhov dav thiab dav, thiab cov koob meej tau nce siab dua.
Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb
Aramid 1313 ntaub tsis kub hnyiab, poob los yog pa luam yeeb thaum raug hluav taws, thiab muaj cov nyhuv fireproof zoo heev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ntsib qhov kub siab tam sim ntawd ntawm 900-1500 degree, daim ntaub saum npoo yuav tsum carbonized thiab thickened sai, tsim ib qho tshwj xeeb thermal rwb thaiv tsev thaiv los tiv thaiv tus neeg hnav los ntawm kev khiav. Yog hais tias ib qho me me ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob los yog aramid fiber ntau ntxiv 1414, nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov ntaub kom tawg thiab tsis txhob muaj kev phom sij xws li xob laim arcs, hluav taws xob arcs, hluav taws xob zoo li qub, thiab nplaim taws. Aramid 1313 cov xim fiber ntau tuaj yeem siv los ua ntau yam kev tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb xws li davhlau suits, tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib ntaus sib tua cov khaub ncaws, khaub ncaws tua hluav taws thiab cov khaub ncaws ua haujlwm rau hauv pem hauv ntej, hluav taws xob vuam ua hauj lwm khaub ncaws, siab sib npaug khaub ncaws, hluav taws xob tiv thaiv khaub ncaws, khaub ncaws tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg, high-voltage shielding khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam. Aviation, aerospace, tub rog khaub ncaws, tiv thaiv hluav taws, petrochemical, hluav taws xob, roj, metallurgy, kev sib tw thiab ntau lwm yam. Tsis tas li ntawd, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws tsim, aramid fabrics kuj tau lug siv ua tsev so textiles, cawm txoj kev, tsev fireproof decorations, ironing board coverings, chav ua noj hnab looj tes, thiab nplaim taws-retardant pajamas rau kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov laus thiab cov me nyuam.
kub kub lim khoom
Qhov kub thiab txias tsis kam, qhov ruaj khov thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm aramid fiber ntau 1313 ua rau nws tuav txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv lim dej kub. Aramid lim cov ntaub ntawv yog dav siv nyob rau hauv tshuaj nroj tsuag, thermal fais fab nroj tsuag, carbon dub nroj tsuag, cement nroj tsuag, txiv qaub nroj tsuag, coking nroj tsuag, smelting nroj tsuag, asphalt nroj tsuag, painting nroj tsuag, thiab high-temperature flue thiab cua kub nyob rau hauv hluav taws xob arc furnaces, roj. boilers, thiab incinerators. Kev lim dej tuaj yeem tsis tsuas yog tshem tawm cov plua plav, tab sis kuj tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov pa phem, thiab tib lub sijhawm pab rov qab cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Cov khoom siv honeycomb
Aramid 1313 cov ntaub ntawv cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem siv los ua bionic multi-layer honeycomb qauv boards, uas muaj lub zog zoo / qhov hnyav piv thiab rigidity / hnyav piv (kwv yees li 9 npaug ntawm cov hlau). Corrosion tsis kam, kev laus tiv thaiv thiab zoo electromagnetic yoj permeability yog tsim rau ua broadband nthwv dej-hloov cov ntaub ntawv thiab loj rigid sub-stressed structural qhov chaw (xws li tis, fairings, cabin linings, qhov rooj, thiab lwm yam) ntawm aircraft, missiles thiab satellites. Pem teb, cargo compartments thiab muab faib phab ntsa, thiab lwm yam), kuj yog tsim rau kev ua vaj tse sandwich rau yachts, sib tw nkoj, high-speed tsheb ciav hlau thiab lwm yam uas yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm siab.
Bulletproof fiber ntau - aramid 1414
Yuav luag ib txhij nrog kev tsim khoom ntawm aramid 1313, DuPont tau tsim lwm cov khoom siv hluavtaws - aramid 1414 thaum xyoo 1960s. Nws cov khoom lag luam thawj zaug tawm hauv xyoo 1972 thiab tau hu ua Kevlar® (Kevlar).
Aramid 1414 muaj lub ntsej muag daj daj thiab zoo li cov xov hlau ci, tab sis qhov tseeb nws yog cov kua siv lead ua kua polymer tsim los ntawm cov molecules ntev ntev. Vim tias nws cov saw hlau molecular yog qhov taw qhia ntawm qhov ntev ntawm kev taw qhia thiab muaj zog interchain binding quab yuam, nws endows cov fiber ntau uas tsis tau pom dua lub zog, siab modulus thiab kub tsis kam.
Qhov kev tshawb pom ntawm aramid 1414 yog suav tias yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov khoom siv hauv ntiaj teb. Aramid 1414 muaj lub zog siab heev, ntau dua 28 grams ib denier, 5 mus rau 6 npaug ntawm cov hlau zoo, 2 mus rau 3 npaug ntawm cov qauv ntawm cov hlau lossis iav fiber ntau, 2 npaug ntawm cov hlau hnyav, thiab tsuas yog qhov hnyav ntawm cov hlau. 1/5. (Lub zog thiab tawv ntawm aramid 1414 kuj ua rau nws nyuaj heev rau kev txiav thiab txheej txheem, xav tau cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb kim).
Aramid 1414 muaj qhov dav dav siv qhov ntsuas kub tsis tu ncua, thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ib txwm siv sijhawm ntev hauv thaj tsam ntawm -196 degree txog 204 degree . Lub shrinkage tus nqi ntawm 150 degree yog 0, thiab nws tsis decompose los yog yaj ntawm qhov kub ntawm 560 degree. Nws cov cua sov ua haujlwm zoo dua li ntawm aramid fiber ntau 1313, thiab nws muaj cov rwb thaiv tsev zoo thiab corrosion kuj. Nws muaj lub neej ntev, yog li nws yeej "" Synthetic steel hlau" lub koob npe nrov.
Aramid 1414 yog thawj zaug siv nyob rau hauv kev txiav txim siab xws li kev tiv thaiv hauv tebchaws thiab kev lag luam tub rog. Txhawm rau ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev ua tsov rog niaj hnub no thiab kev tawm tsam kev ua phem, cov tub rog thiab tub ceev xwm ntawm Tebchaws Meskas, Russia, Britain, Lub Tebchaws Yelemees, Fabkis, Israel, Ltalis thiab ntau lub tebchaws tau siv cov tsho tiv thaiv cov mos txwv, cov kaus mom hlau tiv thaiv, tiv thaiv thiab tua. Cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv kev txiav, cov khaub ncaws EOD, lub zog muaj zog parachutes, cov tsheb tsis sib haum xeeb, thiab lwm yam. Aramid 1414 yog dav siv hauv lub cev thiab cov cuab yeej ua rog. Nyob rau hauv lub cev armor, vim lub siab zog, toughness thiab weaving zog ntawm aramid fiber, nws muaj peev xwm nqus thiab disperse lub zog ntawm cov mos txwv mus rau lwm yam fibers ntawm lub braid kom tsis txhob "blunt trauma", yog li kev tiv thaiv zoo kawg li. Lub teeb yuag ntawm aramid lub cev armor thiab kaus mom hlau tau zoo txhim kho cov lus teb sai thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv cov tub rog.
Tam sim no, ntxiv rau kev ua tub rog, aramid 1414 tau dav siv los ua cov khoom siv fiber ntau hauv ntau yam ntawm lub teb chaws kev lag luam xws li aerospace, electromechanical, kev tsim kho, tsheb, cov khoom siv dej hauv hiav txwv, thiab cov khoom ua si.
Hauv aerospace, aramid fiber ntau resin-based reinforced composites yog siv los ua cov khoom siv rau aerospace, foob pob hluav taws thiab dav hlau, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov hnyav, nce load, thiab txuag hluav taws xob ntau. Piv txwv li, lub plhaub, qhov chaw kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv thiab cov rooj zaum ntawm Boeing aircraft tau ua tiav siv aramid 1414 cov ntaub ntawv, thiab qhov hnyav tau txo los ntawm 30 feem pua.
Aramid 1414 yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws qaum fiber ntau vim nws qhov tshwj xeeb lub ntiajteb txawj nqus me me, lub zog siab, ua haujlwm kub zoo, thiab zoo adhesion rau roj hmab. Aramid qaum tuaj yeem txo qhov tuab ntawm lub log tsheb, txo qhov hnyav, dissipate tshav kub yooj yim, txo deformation, txo dov tsis kam, txhim kho kev ua haujlwm siab, ua kom lub neej ntev ntawm lub log tsheb, thiab txhim kho kev sib tsoo zoo heev. Cov yam ntxwv uas tso cai rau lub log tsheb tiaj tus tau tsav mus rau lub chaw nres tsheb yam tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj rau sab ntawm lub log tsheb. Aramid 1414 yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tsim rau kev tsav tsheb ceev lossis lub tsheb hnyav thiab lub dav hlau txhawb nqa cov log tsheb, thiab muaj kev cia siab rau kev loj hlob zoo. Tam sim no, ntau lub log tsheb loj hauv ntiaj teb, xws li Michelin, Goodyear, Pirelli, thiab lwm yam, tau siv aramid 1414 los ua lub log tsheb, uas tau siv dav hauv cov tsheb siab kawg.
Hauv kev tsim vaj tsev thiab kev tsim vaj tsev, vim aramid 1414 muaj lub teeb yuag, siab zog, siab elastic modulus, corrosion kuj, tsis-conductivity thiab cuam tshuam tsis kam, nws tuaj yeem siv rau txuas hniav, kab, subways, chimneys, dej yees, tunnels thiab electrified railways. , seaports, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau kev txhim kho thiab kho cov pob zeb ua vaj tse.
Tsis tas li ntawd, aramid 1414 kuj tuaj yeem siv los ua cov khoom siv pob txha hauv cov khoom siv roj hmab (xws li lub neej rafts, inflatable pontoons, thiab lwm yam), cov thawv tiv thaiv corrosion, lub teeb roj tso tsheb hlau luam thiab cov kav dej loj loj; Txiav-resistant hnab looj tes; siv nws tus kheej-lubricating zog, tshav kub kuj thiab toughness, nws muaj peev xwm hloov carcinogenic asbestos los ua cua sov-insulating cov ntxaij vab tshaus, tiv thaiv khaub ncaws thiab sealing khoom; nws tuaj yeem hloov cov asbestos thiab iav fibers los txhawb cov resins, siv los ua kev sib txhuam tsis kam, rwb thaiv tsev kub thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev; ua nkoj ropes, submarine cables, radar buoy systems thiab optical fiber reinforced ropes; ua cov khoom siv ua kis las muaj zog thiab tsis muaj zog, xws li caij skis, rowing nkoj thiab kayaks, thiab lwm yam. Hauv luv luv, txhua lub sijhawm uas yuav tsum muaj lub zog siab, tensile tsis kam, tsim kua muag tsis kam, puncture kuj thiab kub tsis kam yog qhov chaw uas aramid 1414 qhia tau hais tias nws cov txuj ci thiab muaj qhov zoo irreplaceable.
